The theory is tested by its ability to describe the pattern of editing conventions that have evolved as cinematographic craft skills, these being taken as 'data' about the types of dynamic transitions that people can comprehend. The theory has less explanatory adequacy than more detailed but less widely scoped theories, but has greater predictive adequacy, descriptive adequacy, and greater utility for application. A supporting notation has been developed to aid in the temporal and thematic analysis of attentional transitions. A cognitive level theory of dynamic scene perception is described, drawing on Barnard's Interacting Cognitive Subsystems framework, in which the exchanges between multiple levels of cognitive representation are seen as underlying the construction of narrative. The comprehension of richly detailed, dynamic scenes is problematic for perceptual theories which are based on a detailed analysis of the physical features of the visual scene. Some suggestions are also offered about how the inevitable problem of complexity in multiple component theories might be directly confronted. Concrete illustrations are given of how the essence of quite complex basic theory can be translated into a simpler representational format to help clinicians conceptualise a psychopathological state and pinpoint relevant variables that might be changed by therapeutic interventions. Using the Interacting Cognitive Subsystems model, some specific macro-theoretic variables are identified. It is then argued that macro-theories of the "normal" human mental architecture could help synthesise basic theoretical accounts of diverse psychopathologies, without recourse to special purpose clinical cognitive theories of particular psychopathologies or even specific symptoms. It distinguishes two sorts of representation, theories in the science base and bridging representations needed to map from real world behaviour to basic theory and from theory back to the real world. This paper articulates and discusses the parts played by different processes and representations in the overall conduct of applied clinical science. They share breadth of scope and abstraction, and their parent theory supports transfer of knowledge across domains of application and from older to newer technologies and feedback between the domain of application and the domain of theory. They have been used to represent problems from experimental situations, core HCI scenarios, a d red-world design projects. The representations differ in the knowledge required for their use, in the support that they offer, and in the situations for which they are appropriate. Although the former can be implemented in a production-rule expert system (ICSpert) and, therefore, does not require detailed modeling knowledge an the part of the analyst, the latter is a pencil-and-paper technique that does require theoretical knowledge but is intended to facilitate the acquisition of such knowledge in the interest of educating its users about the human aspects HCI.
![kms copyimage memory exhausted kms copyimage memory exhausted](https://dm5migu4zj3pb.cloudfront.net/manuscripts/132000/132531/medium/JCI132531.f1.jpg)
The other entails the production of less complete diagrammatic notations, which are intended to provide support in small-scale problem identification and resolution and which can be applied across tasks, visual interface, and sound interface issues and can handle static and dynamic situations. One entails the description of cognitive task models, which are a relatively complete representation of the cognitive activity required of a user in the coarse of an interaction. Interacting cognitive subsystems (ICS) is proposed as a unified cognitive theory that can be used as the basis for such representations, and two approaches based on the theory are described. To bridge the gap between theory and application, representations need to satisfy requirements for broad scope, a unified theoretical basis, and abstraction. Although cognitive theory has been recognized as essential for the analysis of human–computer interaction (HCI), the representations that have been developed have been directed more toward theoretic purposes than practical application.